Roof construction



1934- G. BELDING 1,971,517 I ROOF CONSTRUCTION I Filed Feb. 1.1, 1932 3 Sheets-Sheet l INVENTOR Aug. 28, 1934. BELDING 1,971,517

ROOF CONSTRUCT I ON Filed Feb. 11, 1932 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 Aug. 2-8, 1934. v G. A. BELDING ROOF CONSTRUCTIQN Filed Feb. 11, 1932 3 Sheets-Sheet 5 R r O T N E V m invention; 4'0 Ur'ig. 2 represents a sectional'elevationtaken. on

Patented Aug. 28, 1934 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE ROOF CONSTRUCTION Application February 11, 1932, Serial No. 592,324

4 Claims.

This invention relates in general to roof construction and in particular to the type of construction which embodies the application of metallic shingles over sheathing material or like 5 sub-structure material.

The present/forms of metallic shingles in use present a regularity or symmetry in appearance which can always be identified in roof construction. Furthermore, it is well known to those 1) versed in the art of roof construction that metallic roofs are subject to what is technically known as sweating which appears in the form of an accumulation of condensate and moisture upon the under side of the shingles adjacent the 11; sheathing material.

The symmetry existent in the present forms of metallic shingles, together with the sweating phenomenon above mentioned, constitute serious disadvantages in the present forms of metallic shingles and it is an object of my invention to provide a roof construction wherein light weight metallic shingles are employed in combination with a roof sheathing in such a manner as to permit the free circulation of air between the shingles and the sheathing for the purpose of eliminating sweating.

It is a further object of my invention to provide a multi-paneled shingle, the adjacent panels of which are embossed or otherwise provided with '3.) discontinuous grooves, the depth and general direction of which vary in a manner to produce an uneven degree of light reflection from the various panels. v Other objects and advantages willpresent themselves'on'consideration of the following specification and drawings in which:

Fig. 1 represents a plan view of a multi-paneled shingle constructed in accordance with my the. line II-II of Fig. 1; I l

Fig. 3 represents a fragmentary perspective view a roof showing my improved form of shingle applied thereto; and v Fig. 4 represents a-fragmentaryvertical sec-. to an enlarged scale, through 'a roof of the ype shown in Fig. 3. In describing my invention I have selected for purposes of illustration a roof construction in which metallic shingles are applied over sheathing comprised of strips or boards of insulating material, such as pulp-board or the like, secured directly to the roof purlins or rafters.

it will be understood that my invention is not 5 limited to this particular type of construction.

However,

Referring to the drawings, the reference numeral l designates a metallic shingle of the gen eral character disclosed in my United States Letters Patent 1,519,350, issued December 16, 1924. By this I wish to have it understood that the shingle (Fig. 4) is provided along its lower longitudinal edge with a butt flange 2 formed by bending the material of the shingle downward from the face thereof, and then rearward as at 3, substantially parallel with the face of the shingle, to form a channel or pocket 4. The rearward bent portion 3 is further folded back upon itself in the form of an open folded flange, hav ing a projecting portion or lip 5, which is suitably drilled or punched as at 6 to receive nails or the like for the purpose of securing the shingle to the roof sheathing. Open folded flanges 7 and 8 on the oppositely disposed shorter edges of the shingle provide means for slidingly engaging adjacent shingles in the same row.

In accordance with the preferred form of my invention, the surface of the shingle is divided into unequal width panels 9, 10, 11, and 12 formed by ridges or offsets in the form of depressions 13, 14, and 15, parallel with the short edges of the shingle. Although four panels have been selected for illustration, any other suitable number may be adopted. Each panel is provided with grooves 16 of an irregular or discontinuous configuration, the number, depth and angular dis- 86 position of which vary, in adjacent panels, to an extent suilicient to produce a differentiation in the light reflection therefrom. As shown in Fig.

2, the shingles are preferably constructed in such a manner that the crests of the grooves 16 and 90 the ridges formed by the depressions 13, 14 and 15 are in substantially the same plane with respect to the under side of the shingles. By this means each shingle, in effect, represents four individual shingles represented respectively by the panels 96 9, 10, 11, and 12, whereas the actual labor required in laying such a shingle is much less than would be required to lay individual shingles. Furthermore, the symmetry of-construction and appearance of existing well known metallic shingles 100 heretofore employed have been greatly alleviated.

Referring more particularly to Figs. 3 and 4, a section of roof is shown in perspective and crosssection, respectively, to which multi-paneled shingles have been applied. In Fig. 3 the multipaneled shingles 1 have been arranged in adjacent rows whereby the dividing offsets or ridges between the adjacent panels in each shingle do not coincide. This is preferable and, in the preferred form of shingle shown in Fig. 1, is accom- 119 plished by a particular selection of the width of the panels 9, 1 0, 11, and 12. For example, five adjacent rows of shingles are shown in Fig. 3 as applied to a roofsurface. The firstshingle in the top row, and all succeeding shingles, as laid from left to right in this row, are of the form shown in Fig. 1. The first shingle in the next succeeding row has the panel 9 and a portion of the panel 10 removed, and the remaining shingles in this row will be similar to the shingle shown in Fig. 1. In like manner the first shingle in the third row has its panel 9, together with a suitable portion of panel 10, removed, wherebyit is possible to employ the'standard form of shingle shown in Fig. 1 over the remainder of this row of shingles without the coincidence of the panel-dividing ridges, or offsets, 13, 14, and 15 in adjacent rows of shingles. The fourth row of shingles is a duplication of the first row in which the standard shingles shown in Fig. 1 are used over its entire length. In Fig. 4 the means by which sweating is eliminated is clearly illustrated. The shingles 1 are herein shown as applied over pulp-board sheathing or the like, the boards 17 of which project into the channel or pocket 4 disposed along the lower longitudinal edge of each shingle. Nails 18 inserted through the apertures 6, in the extending lips 5, secured the shingles to the sheathing which is previously attached to the roof sub-structure by means of suitable fastening elements such as the nails 20'. In the particular illustration shown in Fig. 4 purlins, fastened to the roof rafters by means of nails 19, support the sheathing boards 1'7, but it is quite manifest that the purlins could be eliminated, in which case the sheathing would be secured directly to the rafters; Engagement of the shingles in adjacent rows provides a watertight joint, as clearly set forth-in my above mentioned patent.

In this particular form of construction the shingles are laid in contact with the boards 17 and under ordinary conditions this would result in sweating. To eliminate sweating or the accumulation of moisture between the shingles and adjacent sheathing, which prevails in view of the temperature differential between the inside and outside temperatures of a building, to which this form of construction has been adapted, provision for the circulation of air between the shingles and the sheathing is provided by the grooves 16.

In view of the fact that the grooves 16 and the ridges formed by the panel-dividing depressions 13, 14 and 15 are in substantially the same plane with respect to the under side of the shingles,

, the shingles are supported by the crests of the grooves and depressions in relatively close contact with the upper surfaces of the boards 17 over a' substantial area of each shingle, the troughs of the grooves at the same time afiording free circulation of air between the shingles and the roof sub-structure. This spaced relationship between the shingles 1 and the sheathing 1'7 is vented to the atmosphere by means of the channel formed between the butt flange 2 and the edges of the sheathing boards 1'! which do not completely fill the channels or pockets 4. Therefore, a current of air is permitted to course .through these openings and beneath the grooved shingles whereby the moisture and condensate is removed.

Although my invention has been described in terms of a particular form of construction, it will be understood that thisspecific construction is merely illustrative and the invention is not limited thereto except as defined in the claims appended hereto.

What I claim is: 7

1. A metallic shingle which comprises a body portion having a plurality of panels of varying widths separated by parallel depressions embossed on its surface, said panels being provided withv discontinuous grooves,-the general direction and depth of which vary in adjacent panels to produce a differentiation in the light reflection therefrom, the crests of said grooves and depressions being in substantially the same plane with respect to the under side of the shingle.

2. A metallic shingle which comprises a body portion having a plurality of panels separated by parallel depressions in the surface thereof, discontinuous grooves embossed in each of said panels, the general direction and depth of which vary in adjacent panels to produce a differentiation in the light reflection therefrom, the crests of said grooves and depressions being in substantially the same plane adjacent the under side of the shingle whereby a relatively .close contact between the shingle and its supporting structure over a substantial area is obtained.

3. A metallic shingle which comprises a body portion having a plurality of panels of varying width separated by parallel depressions in the surface thereof, discontinuous grooves embossed in each of said panels, the depth and angular disposition of which vary in adjacent panels to pro: duce a differentiation in the light reflection therefrom, the crests of said grooves and depressions being in substantially the same plane adjacent the under side of the shingle whereby a relatively close contact between the shingle and its supporting structure over a substantial area is obtained, the troughs of said grooves providing means for the circulation of air between the shingles and their supporting structure.

4. A roof construction comprising roof sheathing boards, metallic shingles having face portions and butt flanges in the form of channels at their lower edges, said shingles being applied to said sheathing boards in a manner whereby the under sides of said shingles coincide with the upper surfaces of the boards and the edges of said boards project into said butt flanges to partially fill the channels, embossed grooves in the faces of said shingles, the crests of said grooves being in the same plane with respect to the under side of the shingles, the crests of said grooves being adapted to support said shingles in relatively close contact with the sheathing boards over a substantial area thereof, and the troughs of said grooves extending beyond said sheathing boards into the channels to provide means for the circulation of air from the channels into the troughs between the shingles and the roof sheathing.

' GEORGE A. BELDING. 

